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McQ on English literature

 

Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the questions.

(1) The subjugation of Women (1869) is an important text of:

(a) George Eliot
(b) Byron
(c) John Mill
(d) Hardy

(c) John Mill


(2) Which of the following poems by Tennyson is a monodrama?

(a) Ulysses
(b) Break, Break, Break
(c) Maud
(d) Crossing the Bar

(c) Maud


(3) The line “she dwells with Beauty – Beauty that must be” occurs in Keats’

(a) Lamia
(b) Ode to a Grecian Urn
(c) Ode on Melancholy
(d) Endymion

(c) Ode on Melancholy


(4) Negative Capability to Keats, means

(a) The ability to sympathize with other
(b) Say bad thing, about others
(c) To empathize

(c) To empathize


(5) “Art for arts sake” found its true adherent in:

(a) Wordsworth
(b) Byron
(c) Browning
(d) Wilde

(d) Wilde


(6) It as the best of times, it was the worst of time, it was the worst – the opening of Dickens’

(a) Hard Times
(b) David Copperfield
(c) Oliver Twist
(d) A Tales of Two Cities

(d) A Tales of Two Cities


(7) The character of Little Neil is a creation of:

(a) Hardy
(b) Eliot
(c) Oscar Wilde
(d) Dickens

(d) Dickens


(8) “Idylls of the King” is illustration of Tennyson’s deep interest in:

(a) Medieval legends
(b) The role of the king
(c) Hero worship
(d) The contemporary condition

(b) The role of the king


(9) Who believed that poetry is the spontaneous overflow of emotions?
(a) Blake
(b) Byron
(c) Wordsworth
(d) Keats

(c) Wordsworth


(10) Who after the publication of a poem, awoke and found himself famous?

(a) Shelley
(b) Browning
(c) Wordsworth
(d) Keats

(c) Wordsworth


(11) The image of the femme fatale dominates the poetry of:

(a) Wordsworth
(b) Keats
(c) Byron
(d) Tennyson

(b) Keats


(12) Little Time is a character in Hardy’s

(a) The return of the native
(b) Jude the Obscure
(c) Mayor of Casterbridge

(b) Jude the Obscure


(13) Which is the famous elegy written by Shelley?

(a) In Memoriam
(b) Lycidas
(c) Adonis
(d) Thyrsis

(c) Adonis


(14) The moral choice is everything in the works of:

(a) Dickens
(b) George Eliot
(c) Hardy

(a) Dickens


(15) Which of the following is illustrative of Ruskin’s interest in social economy?

(a) The Seven Lamps
(b) Unto this Last
(c) The Stones of Venice

(b) Unto this Last


(16) Which one of the following poets named the Romantic poet as the “pond poets”?

(a) Southey
(b) Shelley
(c) Keats
(d) Byron

(a) Southey


(17) The Charge of the Light Brigade” (Tennyson) commemorates:

(a) The Boer War
(b) The battle of Trafalgar
(c) The Crimean War

(c) The Crimean War


(18) The Elgin Marbles inspired Keats to write:

(a) Endymion
(b) Lamia
(c) The Grecian Urn
(d) Melancholy

(c) The Grecian Urn


(19) Would you tell Sordelo (Browning) as a:

(a) Dramatic Monologue
(b) Dramatic Lyrics
(c) Tragic Drama

(b) Dramatic Lyrics


(20) Which one of the following poets was appointed Poet Laureate in the year 1813?

(a) Tennyson
(b) Byron
(c) Southey
(d) Wordsworth

(c) Southey

 

Why the novel matters by D.H. Lawrence

Introduction- the essay why the novel matter has been written by D.H.Lawrence.it was published posthumously in 1936 in an essay collection titled Phoenix

In the essay Lawrence speaks about the importance of the novel and tries to establish the superiority of the novelist above other professions. In an attempt to illustrate the importance of the novel Lawrence explains the importance of life and the living man.

D.H. Lawrence’s statement about his belief in the novel as a means of instructing or guiding men and women to live life to the completed. So that also reveals Lawrence's philosophy of life   Lawrence announced (proclaimed) in his essay being a novelist “ I consider myself superior to the saint the scientist the philosopher and the poet,” who are all the great master of different bits of men alive but never get the whole hog. Lawrence's mood of arguments is simple but extremely effective. He indicates that the novel is the most flexible and creative of literary form.

Lawrence begins the essay by ridiculing the superstitious belief that the body and the soul or mind are two separate existence. He believes that whatever is me alive is me. Lawrence said that he was only a soul or a body, mind intelligent or a brain, or a bit of himself. The whole is greater than the part so for a living man the whole part is important. He says that this is what scientists and philosophers fail to understand. According to Lawrence's novel show, life and its character are nothing but man alive. this is something which can be understood by the novelist because the novel is a bright book of life There for the novelist is better than the scientist and philosopher.

He quotes an example of an Italian Saint Francis of who tortured his body, believes that the soul was of ultimate importance. However, when he was dying he apologized to his body for tortured on his body.

According to Lawrence, the novelist possesses a complex understanding of the man alive more fully than a person, a philosopher, or a scientist. The person speaks about the soul in heaven. But a novelist talks about paradise in the plum of our hand or at the end of our nose which are alive because during his lifetime understanding by what happens to afterlife, so the novelist is not concerned about life after death.

The philosopher speaks about infinite knowledge possessed by a pure spirit. But for the novelist, there is no knowledge beyond what the living body can preserve. For philosopher nothing but the thing is important, but Lawrence says the thought is not alive, its like a radio signals floating in the air which are meaningless until they reach the receiver - a radio device that makes out the signal into a meaningful message. similarly, when thoughts are received by a man alive they become meaningful. It is only because the man alive receives them they become alive.

 Thus the living the body is more important than the message conveyed by the thoughts. According to Lawrence nothing is more important than life. Living things is more valuable than a dead object. A living dog is better than a dead lion but a living lion is better than a living dog. Lawrence says that scientists and philosophers find it too difficult to accept the value of living. For the scientist, a man is a heart, a liver, a kidney,  a gland, or a tissue. But for the novelist the whole living man is important.

This is because of a novel deals in nothing but man alive. In this regard, Lawrence calls the Bible “a great confuse novel”.  It is not about one man alive but a long list of men alive. Even God is another man is alive.

According to Lawrence the entire Bible, homer, Shakespeare is an example of the supreme old the novel they affect the whole man alive not a part of a man as does the scientist.

According to Lawrence, the nature of the novel is dynamic, its character which reflects the importance of constant and if something is forced to remain constant it loses its value and power along with the passing of times. A man today is different from what he is today. A man loves women because of the constant change in her. Loving an unchanging person is like loving a lifeless object. Lawrence says that one can learn about the importance of change from a novel. In a novel, the character does nothing but live. But if they began to act according to a fixed pattern, always remain good or bad then lose its value and power.

Lawrence however, says that it is difficult to define what is living. Different man has a different idea about what they mean by living in life. Some go to seek God while others seek money, wine, and women and others seek votes and political reforms. In this Lawrence says that the novel is a guide that helps to differentiate between a man alive and a man who is a dead man in life. A man alive shoots his enemy but in life throws bombs at people who are neither his friend nor his foe.

Finally, Lawrence says that the most important thing is to be a whole man alive, and the novel providing guidance in this matter. The novel is the best to guide which helps us to live, without getting ourselves unnecessary disturb by the theory of right or wrong. Since what is right in one case becomes wrong in another. In the novel, we say a man dying because of his goodness another person dying because of his weakness.

Lawrence extended fictional practice by breaking convention established by the Victorian novelist. Thus Lawrence asserts that the novel is a book that can teach the life of a whole man alive and that is why the novel matter.

 

 

1. Application for leave of absence

 1. Application for leave of absence

To

       The headmaster/ the principal

       School / college name

Address

Date: 22 April 2020

Subject: prayer for leave of absence/application for leave of absence

Respected  sir,

    with due respect I would like to inform you /(Most humbly and respectfully I beg to state you) that I could not attend school / college from the 10^th to 20^th April  on account of my  illness

Therefore I would like to request you kindly grant me leave of absence for those days only

                                                                                                    Yours faithfully/your sincerely

                                                                                                      Xyz

                                                                                                       Class

                                                                                                            Roll no

 

         2.  Application for sick leave 

To 

       The headmaster/ the principal

       School / college name

Address

Date: 22 April 2020

 subject: Application for sick leave

Sir,

     Most respectfully, I beg to state that I am not in a condition to attend my next period. I am suffering from fever. The doctor has advised me to take rest at least three days. Hence kindly grant me leave. I shall be grateful to you.

                                                                                                     Yours faithfully/yours sincerely

                                                                                                      Xyz

                                                                                                      Class

                                                                                                           Roll no

The Metaphysical School of Poetry

The term “metaphysical” means beyond the physical. The major poets of 17th Century English Literature belonged to this school of metaphysical poetry writing, which explored and upheld the fusion of intellect and emotion. Literary critic and poet Samuel Johnson first coined the term “metaphysical poetry” in his book Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets (1179 – 1781) (Life of Cowlie section). It was also used by John Dryden to describe Donne’s poetry. Some common metaphysical questions include Does God Exist? Is there a difference between perception and reality? Is free-choice not existent i.e, is fate pre-determined? Is consciousness limited to the brain? In this school certain methods were rigorously followed. They include a rare clarity and freshness of vision, a harmonious blending of wit and emotion, use of stock metaphors, the abundant use of conceits, use of environmental images, a lyrical flow of thought and verse and the manifestation of divinity in nature.

John Donne (1572 – 1631)

All discourse on metaphysical poetry must begin with John Donne who was especially noted for being hailed as the father of the “metaphysical school of poetry”. He was not only a poet, but also a lawyer, priest and satirist. Critics describe his style as inventive, strong, dramatic and sensual – that of a womanizer despite being religious. He wrote Love Poetry, Religious Poetry and Elegies and Satires. One of his most exemplary love poems is The Good Morrow, meaning wishing one’s beloved good morning. He compares his beloved and himself to two hemispheres of the globe to form one complete whole. Another of his love poems is A Valediction: Forbidden Mourning. His religious poetry includes The Progress of the Soul and The Anatomy of the World. His satires are a deliberate imitation of the Greek writer Persius. He also composed poems like The Flea and The Canonization.

In John Donne’s poetry there is a sense of miraculous exemption from time and all its entanglements. The freedom from temporal and spatial boundaries is one of the foremost features of Donne’s poetry. He takes into his purview of discussion the universal cause and explores in details the mysteries of human life and emotions. There is a lucid and candid expression and a field of joyous liberty. He also composed 26 holy sonnets along with two other sonnets which are derogatory in nature, after 1610. Their form is quintessentially Petrarchan and their themes refers to different aspects of his personality. His deep faith in divinity led him to compose sonnets which were  extensively replete with his sense of devotion and conviction in love. The sonnets vary greatly in their value. The themes involve his personal sense of limitations, his fears, his inadequacies and especially his thoughts about judgement day. They are philosophical speculations about the reality of human existence. His poetry was a reaction to the fluency and exuberance of Elizabethan poetry.

Andrew Marvel (1621 – 78)

Andrew Marvel is best known for his elaborate poem on the theme of Carpe diem or “Seize the Day”- To His Coy Mistress. Marvel’s poem is characterized with urbane energy which flows through the lines of the poem. The sense of romantic vastness and love for his beloved charged with remarkable intensity has been portrayed most artistically through the poem. The poem, incorporates various poetic conventions from French and Italian love poetry. The sense of immediacy is provided by a typical poetic situation. The poet exhorts his beloved to consummate their love lest time prevents it. As Marvel belongs to the metaphysical school of poetry, his poems uphold certain significant metaphysical features. In his poetry we come across an elegance and precision of style, polish and diction, regular rhyme and meter, persistent use of couplets and extensive irony of theme. He is a rather intelligent poet. Nevertheless, it is noticeable that in Marvel, there are some variations from the common features of the metaphysical school. We do identify a ruggedness of style and a very bold use of colloquialisms of daily conversation – sometimes bordering on the gross. Perhaps he tried to bring about a fusion between the metaphysical and Jonsonian styles. His poetry has a haunting, memorable and intellectual quality. T.S. Elliot had once commented –

“In Marvel’s poetry one may find a tough reasonableness beneath slight lyrical grace.”

Marvel’s other poems include Horatian Ode upon Oliver Cromwell’s return from Ireland. There are also other poems on Cromwell- The First Anniversary of the Government and Under His Highness, the Lord Protector. Marvel was clearly appreciating Cromwell’s government and personality in heroic couplets in the latter. He was a Puritan and his poems were circulated in manuscripts among his friends, published posthumously. Another of his famous poems is The Garden.

George Herbert (1593 – 1633)

The rhythm and intensity of Herbert’s poetry resembled those of the Provencal poets. Herbert’s poetry celebrates life, energy, rhythm and vitality. He is recognized as “one of the foremost British devotional lyricists.” He has composed 169 poems in 140 stanza patterns. The most popular of his works is The Temple which is a collection full of faith and fervour and also subtlety of thought and ornament. His famous poems include Caller, The Quip and The Pulley. Herbert made extensive use of the technique of conceit. In it, Herbert was experimenting with ‘Pattern Poetry’ wherein each stanza represents a picture or an image. His pictorial poems are Easter Winds, The Altar and other religious poems like Trinity Sunday. In The Windows, he compares a righteous preacher to a glass through which God’s light shines more effectively than his words. All his works are visually satisfying as they draw a pattern through the lines. Herbert was introducing a balance of thought and content in his poetry which conferred a regularity of patterns on his verse. Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote of Herbert’s diction that “Nothing can be more pure, manly, or unaffected”.

Legouis Kazamian says that Herbert –
“is the saint of the metaphysical school…often gives an impression of a sort of sublimity”

Henry Vaughan (1621 – 95)

Vaughan is a religious metaphysical poet. He is chiefly known for the religious poetry contained in Silex Scintillans, published in 1650, with a second part published in 1655. He was greatly inspired by George Herbert. He uses several tricks of Herbert’s style like abrupt openings, ejaculations and whimsical titles. He found God not in the Bible but in nature. In his poem The Retreat, he quite symbolically explores the retreat into one’s childhood, from childhood back to infancy, from infancy to the pre-lapsarian stage of the fall before the birth of human life on Earth. Vaughan explores the belief that the divine almighty power is invested in nature or the environment that surrounds us. He says in it –

“They are all gone into the world of light”

We are born for a purpose upon the completion of which we would have to return to the Almighty. It is this one governing impulse, that characterizes Vaughan’s poetry. In Childhood, he yearns for a place full of love and harmony, a utopian world that is. He is preoccupied with his religious philosophies and his poems are like a prayer invoking divine presence. They paved the way for the Caroline school of poetry (the poetry of Herrick, Waller and Lovelace). The question of whether William Wordsworth knew Vaughan’s work before writing his ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood has puzzled and fascinated those seeking the origins of English romanticism. Both poems clearly draw on a common tradition of romantic images to heighten their speakers’ presentations of the value of an earlier time and the losses experienced in reaching adulthood. His style is free from complications as seen in the poem The World.

BTR AGREEMENT

MCQ on english literature

(1) who among the following, is not an Australian writer?:
(A)Patrick White
(B) Les Murray
(C) Alice Munro
(D)Peter Carey 
Ans: c Canadian
(2)‘Which English poet was Sylvia Plath married to?:
(A) Hughes
(B) Masefield
(C) Rilke
(D) Larkin 
Ans: A
(3)The name of the central character in Things Fall Apart is:
(A) Okonkwo
(B)Kurtz
(C) Adisa
(D) Barack Ans: A
(4) Sidney’S Defence of Poesie was written in response to:
(A) Poetics
(B) The Courtier
(C) The School of Abuse
(D) On the Sublime Ans: c
(5) What is the name of the storyteller of One Thousand and One Nights?:
(A) Alf Layla
(B) Noorjehan
(C) Sultana
(D) Scheherazade Ans: D
(6)Which is Charles Dickens’s first novel’?:
(A) David Copperfield
(B) The Pickwick Papers
(C) Oliver Twist
(D) Little Dorrit Ans: B
(7)Pablo Neruda belongs to:
(A) Peru
(B) Cuba
(C) Chile
(D) Argentina Ans: c
(8)The Diary of Anne Frank was originally published in: 
(A) Dutch
(B) German
(C) French
(D) English Ans: A
(9)Which book won the first Man Booker prize?:
(A) Heat and Dust
(B) Midnight’s Children
(C) The Luminaries
(D) Something to Answer  For Ans: B



 (10) Who  is the author of Around the World in Eighty Days?
A)HG Wells
(B) Jules Verne
(C) Thomas Hardy
(D) Mark Twain Ans: B
(11)which play does “Forest of Arden” figure?:
(A) Much Ado About Nothing
(B) Richard II
(C) As You Like It
(D) Hamlet Ans: C
(12)Who wrote the book The Republic?:
(A) Aristotle
(B) Socrates
(C) Horace
(D) Plato Ans: D
(13)In Marlowe’s play, what was the name of the Jew of Malta
(A) Shylock
(B) Barabas
(C) Solomon Ans: B
,(D)Lazarus (14)The setting of the poem “The Solitary Reaper” was inspired by the poet’s stay in:
(A) Scotland
(B) France
(C) England
D) Wales Ans: A
(15)An edition of Mulk Raj Anand’s The Untouchable carries a foreword by:
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) D H Lawrence
(C) Henry James
(D) E M Forster Ans: A
(16)In The Pride and Prejudice, the Bennet family lives in the village of:
(A) Pemberley
(B) Mansfield
(C) Longbourn
,(D) Brighton Ans: C
(17). Showalter begins her essay ‘Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness’ by discussing a
dialogue between
(A) Carolyn Heilbrun and Catherine Stimpson
(B) Bell hooks and Judith Butler
(C) Virginia Woolf and Kate Millet
(D)Nancy Frazer and Angela Davis Ans: A
(18) Which the month is the cruellest in ‘The Waste Land’
(A) March
(B) April
(C) December
(D) January Ans: B




(19) Which among the following, is not written by Keats?:
(A) Ode to Psyche
(B) Ode on Melancholy
(C) Ode to the West Wind
(D)Ode to a Nightingale Ans: C
(20) Who is Shock in The Rape of the Lock?:
(A) Belinda’S Dog
(B) Belinda’S Angel
(C) Belinda’S Maid
(D)Belinda's Beau Ans:A
(21)The term ‘Theatre of the Absurd’ was coined by:
(A) Martin Esslin
(B) Samuel Beckett
(C) J L Stayan
(D) John Osborne Ans:A
(22)According to Aristotle, Epic presents men:
(A) As they are
(B) Worse than they are
(C) Better than they are
(D)As they ought never to be Ans: C
(23)‘Hearing’ a colour or ‘Seeing’ a smell is an example of:
(A) Synaesthesia
(B) Oxymoron
(C) Hyperbole
(D) Assonance Ans: A
24. Aspects of the Novel is written by:
(A) David Lodge
(B) E M Forster
(C) Henry James
(D) Walter Allen Ans: B
(25)The Lay of the Last Minstrel’ is written by:
(A) Wordsworth
(B) Coleridge
(C) Walter Scott
(D)Shelley Ans: C
(26) Who  is the author the work Simulacra and Simulations?:
(A)Jean Francois Lyotard (B)Jean Baudrillard. 
(C)Julia Kristeva
(D)Roland Barthes Ans: b
(27) What is the subtitle of the play Twelfth Night?:
(A) Or, What you Want
(B) Or, What you Think
(C) Or, What you Like
(D)Or, What you Will 
Ans: D



 .


(28) Who is Afraid of Virginia Wolf?’ IS a:
(A) play by Edward Albee
(B) novel by Melville
(C) essays by Sylvia Plath 
(D) poem by Kamala Das Ans: A
(29) The Trotter Nama is written by:
A) Ruskin Bond
(B)Vikram Seth
(C) Amit Choudhuri (D)Allan Sealy Ans:D
(30)Saki’ is the pen name of:
(A) Somerset Maugham
(B) William Hazlitt
(C) HH Munro
(D)Robert Burns Ans: C
(31) When was Paradise Lost published?:
(A)1669
(B)1667 A
(C)1657
 (D) 1659 Ans: B
(32) Shelly's ‘Adonais’ is an elegy on the death of: (A) Donne
(B) Byron
(C) Keats
(D)Milton Ans: C
(33) Who wrote the poem ‘The Defence of Lucknow’?:
A) Tennyson
(B) Yeats
(C) Browning
(D) Swinburn Ans: A
(34)which country is Macbeth set?:
(A) Denmark
(B) Scotland
(C) Spain
(D) Germany Ans: B
(35)‘Rain races, ripping and restless in its rage.’ This sentence is an example of a/an:
(A) oxymoron
(B) hyperbole
(C) personification
(D) alliteration Ans: D
(36)Who is the author of Piers Plowman?:
(A) Sir Thomas Malory
(B) Geoffrey of Monmouth
(C) William Langland
(D) Geoffrey Chaucer Ans: C



 (37) Who wrote: ‘Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day/ Thou art more lovely and more
temperate...’?:
(A) Shakespeare
(B) Milton
(C) Donne
(D) Marlowe Ans: A
(38)Who wrote The Dunciad’?:
(A) Milton
(B)Gay
(C) Dryden 
(D) Pope Ans: D
(39) In Coleridge’s poem ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’, where were the three gallants going?:
(A) A funeral
(B) A birth ceremony
(C) To the church
(D) A wedding Ans: D
(40) Who  is credited to have written the Panchatantra?:
(A) Banabhatta
(B) Vishnu Sharma
(C) Abhinavagupta
(D) Kalidasa


S



Ans B